Jillian Rubin
September 23, 2008
Jews in the Modern World
Professor Lesses
September 23, 2008
Jews in the Modern World
Professor Lesses
Sachar
1. The economic changes in the lives of Western European Jews that occur in the early modern period (17th-18th centuries) was that during this period there were major economic changes. The change started when the Continent’s feudal-agricultural economy was busy with a new supply of gold and silver from mines coming from Mexico and Peru. Bullion was made into currency, it was during this time that Europeans became even more dependent on it and began to have a higher standard of living. Money was allowing for luxury in clothing and food for people who lived in the city. Money had a different meaning for peasants who were in the field; money for them gave them the opportunity to own a plot of soil.
These economic changes altered the lives of western European Jews because they were amongst the earliest recipients of this economic practicality. Europeans were beginning to appreciate Jews potential for commercial growth. Jews began to have occupations other than peddler and money lending. The “court Jew” was that during the Absolutist Age there were many different wars and the dynasts were always in need of munitions. The contractors were mostly Jews. Businessmen who were Jewish had developed experience in mobilizing agents. They wanted Jews to have more rights.
Katz
1. These changes are that Jews began to be part of society partially because of the court Jews. The political, social, intellectual, and economic changes affected the court Jews. Emancipation changes were that there was a change in the bound of church and state. Also, there were more Jews who were going away from tradition and appreciating their environment. The emancipation of the Jews was not just based on political attributions. This prepares the way for the entrance of Western European Jews into general society because Jews were beginning to become more of a part of society. The overall structure of society remained more or less the same, with Jews and Gentiles co existing together.
Mendes-Flohr
John Toland argues for the naturalization of the Jews in Great Britain and Ireland by saying that Jews will increase the amount of people that these countries have working for their defense; also Jews will be “brains for invention and contrivance” (13). He continues to say that the numbers of people account for the true power of a country, therefore the more Jews that Great Britain and Ireland have in their countries the more powerful they will be. Toland continues to say that Jews are an obedient and useful group of individuals, he believes that they possess these characteristics more than other groups.
1. The economic changes in the lives of Western European Jews that occur in the early modern period (17th-18th centuries) was that during this period there were major economic changes. The change started when the Continent’s feudal-agricultural economy was busy with a new supply of gold and silver from mines coming from Mexico and Peru. Bullion was made into currency, it was during this time that Europeans became even more dependent on it and began to have a higher standard of living. Money was allowing for luxury in clothing and food for people who lived in the city. Money had a different meaning for peasants who were in the field; money for them gave them the opportunity to own a plot of soil.
These economic changes altered the lives of western European Jews because they were amongst the earliest recipients of this economic practicality. Europeans were beginning to appreciate Jews potential for commercial growth. Jews began to have occupations other than peddler and money lending. The “court Jew” was that during the Absolutist Age there were many different wars and the dynasts were always in need of munitions. The contractors were mostly Jews. Businessmen who were Jewish had developed experience in mobilizing agents. They wanted Jews to have more rights.
Katz
1. These changes are that Jews began to be part of society partially because of the court Jews. The political, social, intellectual, and economic changes affected the court Jews. Emancipation changes were that there was a change in the bound of church and state. Also, there were more Jews who were going away from tradition and appreciating their environment. The emancipation of the Jews was not just based on political attributions. This prepares the way for the entrance of Western European Jews into general society because Jews were beginning to become more of a part of society. The overall structure of society remained more or less the same, with Jews and Gentiles co existing together.
Mendes-Flohr
John Toland argues for the naturalization of the Jews in Great Britain and Ireland by saying that Jews will increase the amount of people that these countries have working for their defense; also Jews will be “brains for invention and contrivance” (13). He continues to say that the numbers of people account for the true power of a country, therefore the more Jews that Great Britain and Ireland have in their countries the more powerful they will be. Toland continues to say that Jews are an obedient and useful group of individuals, he believes that they possess these characteristics more than other groups.
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